Model-independent radiative symmetry breaking and gravitational waves

Models where symmetries are predominantly broken (and masses then generated) through radiative corrections typically produce strong first-order phase transitions with a period of supercooling, when the temperature dropped by several orders magnitude. Here it is shown that model-independent description these phenomena and consequent production potentially observable gravitational waves possible in terms few parameters (which computable once model specified) if enough supercooling occurred. It explicitly found how large should be those parameters, order for to valid. also explained systematically improve accuracy such computing higher-order an expansion powers small quantity, which function above-mentioned parameters. Furthermore, corresponding wave spectrum compared existing experimental results from latest observing run LIGO VIRGO expected sensitivities future experiments find regions parameter space either ruled out or can lead detection.